铁路电务专业系统绩效考核机制建设的探索与实践

从分析传统考核机制存在的问题入手,探索建立一套以月度专项检查考核、季度综合管理评价考核、半年度管理诊断评价考核、年度安全评估为主线的绩效考核机制;通过与传统的电务绩效考核机制进行对比,阐述新时期电务绩效考核机制建设的主要特点,并对其实施效果和体会进行了分析。     

高速铁路施工安全质量管理实践

介绍全面质量管理理论和8项管理原则,结合高速铁路施工情况,提出高速铁路安全质量管理原则、＂分级管理＂模式和＂四方控制＂机制,总结高速铁路施工安全质量管理实践经验,认为其核心是充分发挥高层领导、工程建设指挥部、监理单位、施工单位等各自特点的管理方式,介绍安全质量管理应用的具体案例。     

天津西南环线铁路钢横梁框架墩设计

当前,新建铁路临近市区或车站地段,往往铁路密集、纵横交错,新建线路与既有铁路、公路小角度交叉的情况不可避免;加之临近车站时线路纵断面抬高困难,需严格限制上跨线路的结构建筑高度.钢横梁框架墩的建筑高度较低,而横向跨度相对较大,是此类工点较好的解决方案.本文介绍了钢横梁框架墩的结构特点,分析比较了不同的墩顶固结方式,并总结了设计注意事项.     

风险管理在某EPC项目中的应用

设计单位作为工程设计、采购、施工的总承包商,对建设工程的质量、安全、工期、造价、环保等全面负责,比传统的工程设计扩大了责任范围,增加了管理难度,同样承担了更多的风险.那么,如何在建设过程中对可能存在的风险进行识别和评价,此文从设计、采购、施工等方面进行论述和评价.根据评价等级,对不可接受的风险,提出可采取的应对措施,以期达到风险管理的目的.     

综合勘察与超前地质预报技术在兰渝铁路长寿山隧道中的应用研究

长寿山隧道为特长隧道,其工程规模大,埋深大,需勘察范围广,地形地质条件十分复杂,为了详细查清隧道的工程地质与水文地质条件,并及时对地质勘察资料进行补充和完善,指导并保证隧道施工的安全顺利进行,通过在勘察阶段采用遥感、大面积地质调绘、物探、钻探、综合试验、测试相结合的地质综合勘察技术,在施工阶段,采用地质编录、TSP、地质雷达、红外探测、超前水平钻探等相结合的综合地质超前预报技术,提高勘察效率及质量,补充地质资料、指导及保证安全施工,取得很好的效果。实践证明,山区长大、深埋、地形地质复杂隧道,在勘察及施工阶段分别采用综合勘察与地质超前预报技术,其方法是必要、合理、恰当的。     

高温隧道施工技术及投资构成分析

在山区铁路隧道工程建设中，因地质条件会遇到具有地热的高温隧道，导致施工环境的恶化，给隧道施工和造价控制造成一定的难度。此文以蒙河铁路工程毛坡梁、三家寨等3座高温隧道为研究样本，分析形成高温的成因。并针对这些高温因素和具体施工条件，提出加强隧道内通风、采用冰制冷系统、设置降温屋等措施降低掘进面附近的施工环境温度，来保证施工质量和计划进度。同时，对采取有效降温措施下的主要投资构成进行分析，以便形成合理而准确的单价分析。     

铁路计量与安全

结合铁道技术监督工作,从铁路安全的重要关注点、铁道技术监督工作安全的基本要求和保证铁道技术监督工作质量安全的措施3个方面,介绍铁路计量与安全的关系。详细阐述计量与测量的区别和联系,总结铁路计量的特点、主要工作内容和发展方向。     

Analyzing the theoretical capacity of railway networks with a radial-backbone topology

In this work we propose a mechanism to optimize the capacity of the main corridor within a railway network with a radial-backbone or X-tree structure. The radial-backbone (or X-tree) structure is composed of two types of lines: the primary lines that travel exclusively on the common backbone (main corridor) and radial lines which, starting from the common backbone, branch out to individual locations. We define possible line configurations as binary strings and propose operators on them for their analysis, yielding an effective algorithm for generating an optimal design and train frequencies. We test our algorithm on real data for the high speed line Madrid–Seville. A frequency plan consistent with the optimal capacity is then proposed in order to eliminate the number of transfers between lines as well as to minimize the network fleet size, determining the minimum number of vehicles needed to serve all travel demand at maximum occupancy.     

Marginal railway track renewal costs: A survival data approach

In this paper, renewal costs for railway tracks are investigated using survival analysis. The purpose is to derive the effect from increased traffic volumes on rail renewal cycle lengths and to calculate associated marginal costs. A flow sample of censored data containing almost 1300 observations on the Swedish main railway network is used. We specify Weibull regression models, and estimate deterioration elasticities for total tonnage as well as for passenger and freight tonnages separately. Marginal costs are calculated as a change in present values of renewal costs from premature renewal following increased traffic volumes. The marginal cost for total tonnage is estimated to approximately SEK 0.002 per gross ton kilometre.     

Options for reducing noise from roads and railway lines

The fundamental noise generation mechanisms of road and rail vehicles are discussed with attention to noise abatement measures. Based on an evaluation of publicly available tire noise data and the European road traffic noise emission model CNOSSOS, it is shown that on the road side there is a significant noise reduction potential in the usage of low-noise tires. From a three months measurement campaign a noise model was derived to predict the maximal sound pressure level of heavy duty vehicles during a pass-by in 7.5 m distance with the parameters vehicle speed and number of axles. With help of recently published information about external costs caused by heavy duty vehicles and the noise prediction tool, a model was developed to derive a money equivalent that can be used as a bonus/malus in a heavy duty vehicle fee. As a measure at the infrastructure, the installation of low-noise pavements is an effective, durable and economically attractive measure. Recent experiences with different technologies from all over the world are compiled and evaluated. On the rail side, an overview of the possible noise reduction strategies is given, followed by a discussion of the current policy and legislation in the EU and on the national level of different European countries.